Low profile mounting system

ABSTRACT

The specification and drawing figures describe and show a low profile mounting system that includes a at least one rail. A plurality of tracks is formed in the rail with opposing jaws. The opposing jaws define a slot. The opposing jaws are disposed in the rail asymmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the rail. At least one ledge monolithically extends from the rail for holding an object such as a solar panel. A coupler is provided for demountably connecting a solar panel to the rail. A cleat also is provided for attaching the system to a surface. A connector connects the rail to the cleat. This abstract is provided to comply with rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure, but this abstract is not to be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of any claim.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Applications for a Low Profile System for Positioning a Module on an Object, filed Feb. 26, 2003, Application No. 60/450,004; an Improved Low Profile System for Positioning a Module on an Object, filed Jun. 12, 2003, Application No. 60/477,985; and an Enhanced Connector Device for a Low Profile System for Positioning a Module on an Object, filed Jun. 12, 2003, Application No. 60/478,036.

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

[0002] The apparatus and methods disclosed in this document pertain generally to mounting energy-producing panels on surfaces. More particularly, the new and useful low profile mounting system claimed in this document pertains to a system for securely, safely, yet quickly mounting in an aesthetically pleasing configuration one or more photovoltaic modules, panels, and arrays (collectively, “solar panels”) to objects that may include, but are not limited to, roof footings, footing grids, roofs, poles, frames, surfaces, or other objects (collectively, “surfaces”).

BACKGROUND

[0003] Numerous technical problems exist in connection with mounting devices such as photovoltaic panels on surfaces that are, or may be, exposed to varying force vectors induced or caused by wind, snow, rain, and other elements of weather. Additional problems are caused by widely diverse materials from which such surfaces are manufactured. The materials include, for example, wood, slate, metal, tar and tile. All such surfaces may have a variety of sub-surfaces constructed of a similar variety of materials, resulting in differing and unique compositions and densities that result in differing holding properties associated with connectors installed to hold mounting devices to the surfaces. The term “connectors” includes at least nails, screws, bolts, nuts, threaded and unthreaded rods, and similar holding devices. Many technical limitations of prior mounting systems have been considered and overcome in pending U.S. patent application for a System for Removably and Adjustably Mounting a Device on a Surface, application Ser. No. 09/910,655, filed Jul. 20, 2001, and U.S. patent application for Apparatus and Method for Positioning a Module on an Object, application Ser. No. 10/116,384, filed Apr. 4, 2002.

[0004] As the use of solar panels to generate all or part of electrical needs for home and industry increases, demand has escalated for a solar panel mounting system that not only is structurally rigid, weather resistant, and easy to install, but also is aesthetically pleasing in design and presentation when mounted on a surface. One such design criteria requires installed solar panels and mounting system to be functional but inconspicuous. A need exists in the industry, therefore, for a new and useful mounting system that is capable of easily and securely mounting solar panels on a surface that results in the installed system and panels being low profile, and thus comparatively inconspicuous and as indiscernible as possible.

SUMMARY

[0005] The low profile mounting system includes at least one rail. One or more tracks are formed in the rail with opposing jaws. The opposing jaws define a slot. The opposing jaws are disposed in the rail asymmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the rail and to each other. At least one ledge monolithically extends from the rail for holding an object such as frame of a solar panel. A coupler is provided for demountably connecting a solar panel to the rail. A cleat also is provided for attaching the system to a surface. A connector connects the rail to the cleat.

[0006] It will become apparent to one skilled in the art that the claimed subject matter as a whole, including the structure of the apparatus, and the cooperation of the elements of the apparatus, combine to result in a number of unexpected advantages and utilities. The structure and co-operation of structure of the low profile mounting system will become apparent to those skilled in the art when read in conjunction with the following description, drawing figures, and appended claims.

[0007] The foregoing has outlined broadly the more important features of the invention to better understand the detailed description that follows, and to better understand the contributions to the art. The low profile mounting system is not limited in application to the details of construction, and to the arrangements of the components, provided in the following description or drawing figures, but is capable of other embodiments, and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. The phraseology and terminology employed in this disclosure are for purpose of description, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the conception on which this disclosure is based readily may be used as a basis for designing other structures, methods, and systems. The claims, therefore, include equivalent constructions. Further, the abstract associated with this disclosure is intended neither to define the low profile mounting system, which is measured by the claims, nor intended to limit the scope of the claims. The novel features of the low profile mounting system are best understood from the accompanying drawing, considered in connection with the accompanying description of the drawing, in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts, and in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0008]FIG. 1 of the drawing is a perspective view of a mounting system located on a roof;

[0009]FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the low profile mounting system in an operative environment;

[0010]FIG. 3 is an exploded end view of the first embodiment of the first embodiment of the low profile mounting system;

[0011]FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the low profile mounting system in an operative environment;

[0012]FIG. 5 is an exploded end view of a second embodiment of the low profile mounting system;

[0013]FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the low profile mounting system in an operative environment;

[0014]FIG. 7 is an exploded end view of the third embodiment of the low profile mounting system;

[0015]FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the low profile mounting system in an operative environment;

[0016]FIG. 9 is an exploded end view of the fourth embodiment of the low profile mounting system;

[0017]FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the low profile mounting system in an operative environment;

[0018]FIG. 11 is an exploded end view of the fifth embodiment of the low profile mounting system;

[0019]FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a sixth embodiment of the low profile mounting system in an operative environment; and

[0020]FIG. 13 is an exploded end view of the sixth embodiment of the low profile mounting system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] As shown in FIGS. 1 through 13, a low profile mounting system 10 is provided that in its broadest context includes at least one rail 12. At least one track 14 is formed in rail 12 with opposing jaws 16 a, b. Opposing jaws 16 a, b define a slot 18. Opposing jaws 16 a, b are disposed in rail 12 asymmetrically to the longitudinal axis of rail 12 and to each other. At least one ledge 20 monolithically extends from rail 12 for holding an object such as the frame 22 of a solar panel 24. A coupler 26 is provided for demountably connecting solar panel 24 to rail 12. A cleat 28 also is provided for attaching low profile mounting system 10 to a surface 30. A connector 32 connects rail 12 to cleat 28.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 1, rails 12 a, b are mounted on a surface 30. Surface 30 is a roof 34. FIG. 1 also shows solar panels 24 a, b bounded by frames 22 a, b. During installation of Frames 22 a, b are connected to rails 12 a, b. Rails 12 a, b are secured to roof 34. In general, rails 12 a, b are secured to roof 34 in part using footers or footings (in this document, a “footing 36”). A number of footings 36 a, b traditionally have been used to secure rails 12 a, b to roof 34. Footings 36 a, b may be L-shaped and constructed of metal or other materials. Footings 36 a, b may be attached to roof 34 by inserting lag bolts (not shown) through passages (not shown) in footings 34 a, b into rafters 38 beneath roof 34.

[0023] As also shown in FIG. 1, in a conventional mounting configuration, solar panels 24 a, b are mounted top-down onto rails 12 a, b. This may present an aesthetically displeasing appearance because solar panels 24 a, b and rails 12 a, b present an undesirably excessive elevation. What is desirable is to easily, quickly, and securely mount solar panels 24 a, b on a surface 30 that produces a low profile that is comparatively inconspicuous and as indiscernible as possible.

[0024] Low profile mounting system 10, as shown in different embodiments in FIGS. 2 through 13, allows an installer to achieve a low profile that is comparatively inconspicuous and as indiscernible as possible.

[0025] In the embodiment of low profile mounting system 10 illustrated by cross-reference between FIGS. 2 and 3, rail 12 is shown to be mountable on a surface 30 known as a stanchion or stand-off (in this document, a “stanchion 40”) rather than on roof 34. Stanchion 40 is useful because of the aforementioned variety of materials used to manufacture a roof 34 and coverings for roof 34. For example, if the covering for roof 34 is made of tile, bolting a rail 12 directly to a tile on roof 34, through a tile (not shown), is undesirable because the tiles may crack or break. To avoid that problem, one or more tiles are removed, stanchion 40 is installed on roof 34, and solar panel 24 is attached to stanchion 40.

[0026] To achieve a lower profile than conventional installation apparatus allow, in the embodiment of low profile mounting system 10 illustrated by cross-reference between FIGS. 2 and 3, rail 12 is shown to include at least one ledge 42. As shown, rail 12 is formed with an upper surface 44, a lower surface 46, and opposing walls 48 a, b monolithically connected to upper surface 44 and a lower surface 46. At least one ledge 42 extends at a substantially right angle from opposing walls 48 a, b in opposite directions from the longitudinal axis through rail 12. Rather than mount solar panel 24 top-down, thus raising the total elevation of an installed mounting system, at least one ledge 42 b allows installation of frame 22 of solar panel 24 closer to surface 30.

[0027] As also shown in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, rail 12 includes plurality of tracks 14 a, b. Plurality of tracks 14 a, b is formed in rail 12 with opposing jaws 16 a-d defining slots 18 a, b. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, opposing jaws 16 a, b and opposing jaws 16 c, d are disposed in rail 12 asymmetrically to each other and to the longitudinal axis of rail 12. The term “asymmetrically” as used in this document means that slot 18 a is directionally disposed differently than slot 18 b. As indicated, at least one coupler 26 is provided. Coupler 26 includes an attachment device 50. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, attachment device 50 is a first bolt 52 and a first nut 54. Coupler 26 also includes a clamp 56. Clamp 56, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, is substantially a U-shaped gutter 56 a formed with an orifice 58 and opposing fins 60. The head 62 of first bolt 52 is slidably insertable into slot 18 a of track 14 to extend through opposing jaws 16 a, b and, by deploying first nut 54 on first bolt 52, U-shaped gutter 56 a may be clamped into ducts 64 a, b formed on a conventional frame 22 of solar panel 24. Clamp 56 as shown in all embodiments of low profile mounting system 10 may be a short segment, or may extend the entire length of rail 12 to enhance the aesthetic appearance of an installed low profile mounting system 10, and to aid in resisting wind and rain penetration into the components of low profile mounting system 10.

[0028]FIGS. 2 and 3 also show that a second bolt 66 and a second nut 68 are included. Head 70 of second bolt 66 is slidably insertable into track 14 b to extend through slot 18 b. An opening 72 is provided in an extension 74 of stanchion 40. Second bolt 66 is inserted through opening 72, second nut 68 is inserted on second bolt 66, and the embodiment of low profile mounting system 10 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is securely attached to stanchion 40, which in turn has been attached to roof 34. Solar panel 24 thus provides a low visual profile.

[0029] In the embodiment low profile mounting system 10 illustrated by cross-reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, low profile mounting system 10 is shown to include a plurality of ledges 20 a, b on rail 12. FIGS. 4 and 5 also show an embodiment of low profile mounting system 10 that includes at least one cleat 28. Further, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 shows a clamp 56 b in the form of a substantially flat planar surface or plate 76. Clamp 56 b is another embodiment of clamp 56 useful in providing a pleasing configuration to an assembled low profile mounting system 10 and for securing ducts 64 a, b of a plurality of frames 22 a, b on plurality of ledges 20 a, b on rail 12. Further, cleat 28 includes at least one hole 78. As shown, cleat 28 includes holes 78 a, b, c. Holes 78 a, b are used to attach cleat 28 to roof 34 using lag bolts or similar connectors. Hole 78 a is used to attach cleat 28 to rail 12 by inserting second bolt 66 into slot 18 b and through hole 78 c, and attaching second nut 68 to second bolt 66. As a result, a secure, easily installable, and aesthetically pleasing installation of low profile mounting system 10 is achieved.

[0030] In another embodiment of low profile mounting system 10, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, an alternative clamp 56 is provided as clamp 56 c. Clamp 56 c is useful in connection with variations of frame 22 formed with a plurality of ducts 64 a, b as shown best in FIG. 7. Clamp 56 c also is formed as a gutter, but with opposing arms 80 a, b long enough to be removably insertable into ducts 64 a, b to hold frame 22 of solar panel 24 tightly against ledge 20 a, b when locked into position using attachment device 50.

[0031] In the embodiment of low profile mounting system 10 illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, clamp 56 a, as shown by cross-reference between FIGS. 2 and 3 in connection with a single frame 22 of solar panel 24 being attached to stanchion 40, is shown to be equally useful when disposed in a configuration in which a plurality of opposing frames 22 c, d are mounted on a rail 12 that in turn is mounted on cleat 28 for attachment to roof 34.

[0032] In another embodiment of low profile mounting system 10, as shown by cross-reference between FIGS. 10 and 11, rail 12 is shown with a track 14 b and a longitudinal cavity 82 formed in upper surface 44 of rail 12 c. As shown, longitudinal cavity 82 is shaped to receive an attachment device 50. Attachment device 50, as shown in FIG. 11, includes first bolt 52. A receptor body 84 also is monolithically formed adjacent longitudinal cavity 82. As shown in FIG. 11, first threads 86 are formed in receptor body 84 for matable connection with second threads 88 formed on first bolt 52. Further, as also shown in FIG. 11, clamp 56 d is formed with a contoured cross-sectional configuration for both aesthetics and for gripping frame 22 of solar panel 24 a, b, and includes parallel nubs 90 a, b. Parallel nubs 90 a, b are designed to fit tightly along exterior surfaces 92 a, b of longitudinal cavity 82.

[0033] In the embodiment of low profile mounting system 10 illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13, longitudinal cavity 82 a is shown to be useful as a scribe guide 94 for inserting into rail 12 an attachment device 50 in the form of a screw 50 e. As shown, receptor body 84 also includes a groove 96. As also shown, two detents 98 a, b are formed in receptor body 84. A variation of clamp 56 d, namely 56 e, is provided with comparatively longer parallel nubs 90 c, d that are insertable into two detents 98 a, b in receptor body 84. Receptor body 84 also includes opposing fins 100 a, b. Screw 50 e is removably insertable through clamp 56 e into receptor body 84. Screw 50 e extends into the chamber 102 formed in rail 12. Screw 50 e is held in place in part by opposing fins 100 a, b.

[0034] In all embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 through 13, end plates 104, as best shown in FIG. 10, may be placed across low profile mounting system 10 to further add to the aesthetic appearance of an assembled low profile mounting system 10, and to preclude entry of water, wind, and other elements into low profile mounting system 10.

[0035] Although FIGS. 1 through 13 shows embodiments of low profile mounting system 10 in which components of low profile mounting system 10 are in certain positions in relationship to one another, the components may be located in any number of other positions. Although the a number of alternative attachment devices and connectors are shown, other fasteners may be used. The low profile mounting system shown in drawing FIGS. 1 through 13 includes a number of non-exclusive embodiments that are merely illustrative of the disclosed low profile mounting system 10. In addition, claim elements and steps in the following appended claims in this document have been numbered solely as an aid in readability and understanding. The numbering is not intended to, and should not be considered as intending to, indicate the ordering of elements and steps in the claims. Means-plus-function clauses in the claims are intended to cover the structures described as performing the recited function that include not only structural equivalents, but also equivalent structures. Thus, although a nail and screw may not be structural equivalents, in the environment of the subject matter of this document a nail and a screw may be equivalent structures. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A mounting system, comprising: at least one rail; a plurality of tracks formed in the rail with opposing jaws defining a slot, wherein the opposing jaws are disposed in the at least one rail asymmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the at least one rail; at least one ledge monolithically extending from the rail; and means for connecting the rail to a surface.
 2. A mounting system as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one ledge is shaped for holding a solar panel.
 3. A mounting system as recited in claim 2, wherein the at least one ledge extends from the rail at substantially a right angle.
 4. A mounting system as recited in claim 1, wherein the connecting means includes at least one coupler.
 5. A mounting system as recited in claim 4, wherein the coupler includes an attachment device.
 6. A mounting system as recited in claim 5, wherein the attachment device is selected from the group of attachment devices consisting of bolts, nuts, threaded rods, rivets, and screws.
 7. A mounting system as recited in claim 6, wherein the coupler includes a clamp.
 8. A mounting system as recited in claim 1, wherein the connecting means includes a cleat having at least one hole.
 9. A low profile mounting system as recited in claim 1, wherein the connecting means includes a connector.
 10. A mounting system as recited in claim 9, wherein the connector is a bolt securable with a nut and slidably insertable into the at least one hole in the cleat, in the plurality of tracks, and in the opposing jaws disposed in the at least one rail.
 11. A low profile panel mounting system, comprising: a rail formed with a plurality of ledges; one or more tracks formed in the rail, wherein the one or more tracks includes a slot with opposing jaws; a coupler for demountably connecting one or more frames of the panel to the rail; a plurality of cleats engageable with the rail and to a surface; and at least one connector slidably insertable into the one or more tracks and plurality of cleats.
 12. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 11, wherein the plurality of ledges monolithically extend at substantially a right angle from the rail.
 13. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 11, wherein the plurality of ledges extends in opposing directions from the longitudinal axis of the rail.
 14. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 11, wherein the coupler includes an attachment device selected from the group of attachment devices consisting of bolts, nuts, threaded rods, rivets, and screws.
 15. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 11, wherein the coupler includes one or more clamps.
 16. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 15, wherein the one or more clamps is formed with an orifice.
 17. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 16, wherein the clamp is a substantially flat plate.
 18. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 16, wherein the clamp is a gutter.
 19. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 16, wherein the clamp is a U-shaped structure.
 20. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 11, wherein the cleat is an L-shaped member formed with at least one bore.
 21. A low profile panel mounting system as recited in claim 11, wherein the connector is selected from the group of connectors consisting of bolts, nuts, threaded rods, rivets, and screws.
 22. A low profile solar panel mounting system, comprising: a plurality of rails formed with a hollow chamber, wherein the plurality of rails is formed with an upper surface, a lower surface, and connecting walls; a track formed in the plurality of rails, wherein the track includes a slot defined by opposing jaws; a longitudinal cavity formed in the upper surface of the plurality of rails, wherein the longitudinal cavity is shaped to receive an attachment device; means for connecting the plurality of rails to the solar panel and to a surface; and a plurality of end plates securable to the plurality of rails.
 23. A low profile solar panel mounting system as recited in claim 22, further comprising opposing ledges extending substantially at right angles from the walls in a direction away from the longitudinal axis of the plurality of rails.
 24. A low profile solar panel mounting system as recited in claim 22, wherein the track further comprises a receptor member for engaging the attachment device.
 25. A low profile solar panel mounting system as recited in claim 24, wherein the receptor member further comprises a groove.
 26. A low profile solar panel mounting system as recited in claim 25, wherein the groove further comprises opposing fins for securing an attachment device.
 27. A low profile solar panel mounting system as recited in claim 22, wherein the attachment device is selected from the group of attachment devices consisting of bolts, nuts, threaded rods, rivets, and screws.
 28. A low profile solar panel mounting system as recited in claim 22, wherein the connecting means includes at least one clamp.
 29. A low profile solar panel mounting system as recited in claim 28, wherein the at least one clamp is selected from a group of clamps formed with a hole consisting of plates, U-shaped clamps, and similar clamps.
 30. A low profile solar panel mounting system as recited in claim 22, wherein the connecting means includes at least one cleat having at least one bore.
 31. A method for manufacturing a system for mounting a solar panel on a surface, comprising: configuring a material into a rail; shaping the rail to include at least one track; including at least one ledge for mounting the solar panel on the rail; providing a coupler for demountably connecting the frame to the rail and for securing the solar panel; equipping the system with a cleat engageable with the rail; and employing a connector that is slidably insertable into the track and cleat.
 32. A method for manufacturing a system for mounting a solar panel on a surface as recited in claim 31, wherein the rail shaping step includes the substep of forming the track with a slot having opposing jaws.
 33. A method for manufacturing a system for mounting a solar panel on a surface as recited in claim 31, wherein the coupler providing step includes the substeps of: a. selecting an attachment device selected from the group of attachment devices consisting of bolts, nuts, threaded rods, rivets, and screws; and b. and shaping a material into a clamp installable at least on the upper surface of the rail.
 34. A method for manufacturing a system for mounting a solar panel on a surface as recited in claim 31, wherein the cleat equipping step includes the substeps of: a. configuring a material into an L-shaped member; b. forming one or more holes in the L-shaped member; and c. including one or more connectors removably insertable in the holes. 